The magazine section of the NRC Handelsblad (in Dutch) has a long feature article about the malaise in the Dutch academic system. Eleven professors (several of whose names I recognized) are interviewed, most of them Dutch(wo)men working in top universities abroad ranging from MIT to ETH-Zuerich [=the Swiss Federal Polytechnic], one American woman professor working in Holland.
Many of the reasons the expat professors (most of them in the "hard" sciences) cite for having left Holland, and for staying where they are, apply to Belgium as well.
- Unmotivated, uninterested, "slacker" student population that in addition is afraid of "hard" subjects. Several respondents noted that the Dutch "take life too easily" and that both students and faculty are complacent and not used to working very hard. One Belgian academic who moved to Holland found that his Flemish former students were much more industrious.
- A system that discourages differentiation among students.
- Excellence is neither rewarded nor encouraged, if not actively discouraged
- Uninspiring scientific climate (direct consequence of the above)
- Relatively poor governmental support for basic and applied research coupled with meddlesome governmental bureaucracy. (Either one in isolation might be tolerable, the combination isn't.)
- Poor mobility. Researchers stay forever in one spot and keep doing the same thing forever.
- One respondent cited the
criminally insanemisguidedly egalitarian policy of admitting students to certain disciplines by lottery rather than competition.
- Subsidizing universities by number of students, rather than on basis of merit, or allowing them to compete in the marketplace
Paradoxically, one of the positive points of Dutch academics (their "international" outlook, including their generally very good English) itself contributes to the brain drain: those good enough to be in demand abroad are well prepared for working in what is basically an Anglosphere environment. (The physical chemist who moved to Zuerich would have little trouble with the 'native' language as well, as German is a sister language of Dutch.)
Also oddly, one of the measures aimed at discouraging academic dormancy (the requirement that junior academics publish at least two papers a year in peer-reviewed international journals) comes under fire from the American-in-Amsterdam. She feels that this 'publish or perish' system (itself American in origin, it must be said) discourages people from embarking on ambitious, 'risky' research or from developing things to the full before publishing. [Israel took a somewhat different tack: part of a professor's salary is paid as an 'academic achievement bonus' contingent on a certain minimal level of scientific productivity.]
One respondent at an elite private American university points out that the high tuition (up to US$40,000/year) leads to a student audience that is both highly motivated and more demanding of the professor (they want "value for their money"). [One unintended consequence he did not speculate upon is grade inflation.] When asked whether the tuition does not create an economic barrier to entrance, he responded that he has students from all layers of society, and that freshmen ("eerstejaarsstudenten") from poor families are generally helped out in various ways, such as campus jobs or interest-free tuition loans. At the sophomore ("tweedejaars") level, many of these students get scholarships on the strength of their freshman exam scores. [I would venture to say that an economic factor will come into play among students who are merely good --- not brilliant --- although this may be compensated to some extent by Mr. Richkid graduating with a fairly low average from an Ivy League institution and Ms. Poorkid graduating with high honors from a more affordable Just-Upper-League institution. Not to mention the way ethnicity-based reverse discriminationaffirmative action programs tend to disproportionally favor black and Hispanic students from rich and well-to-do families, as they do not eliminate the economic obstacles. A merit scholarship program aimed at these populations would be much more effective.]
At any rate, do not expect a flood of returning Dutch (or Belgian) expat academics anytime soon.